NextMaps›WA Tenements›M 24/471

M 24/471

LiveMining LeaseCity of Kalgoorlie-BoulderBroad Arrow M.F. District

Area

405.7ha

Expires

May 2041

in 15 years

WAMEX reports

115

WA median is 53

Report drilling

of 115 reports

Kalgoorlie-Boulder Explore on the live map

Register summary

Holder: Gpm Resources Pty Ltd
Local government: City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder
Application received: 6 Oct 1994
Commenced: 26 May 1999
Expiry: 25 May 2041
Term: 21 Years (Renewed)

Exploration history on this ground

115 historical WAMEX exploration reports intersect M 24/471: 33 report geochemistry or sampling, 57 include a digital data package.

When this ground was worked · 112 of 115 reports dated

11960s

221970s

161980s

111990s

232000s

362010s

32020s

Most recent reports

Report	Year	Operator	Project	On this ground	Title
A124868	2020	Bardoc Gold Limited	Bardoc	<1%	Final Geological Report, EIS Funded Black Flag Fault Project, Application Number DAG2019/01366125 (R18)
A123910	2020	Bardoc Gold Limited	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended C17/2020 Combined Annual Report for the period ending 28/2/2020
A124768	2020	Bardoc Gold Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	12%	C16/2020 BTZ Bardoc Combined Annual Report for the period ending 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2020
A119689	2019	Bardoc Gold Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended C51/2003 Combined Annual Report for the period 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018
A119693	2019	Bardoc Gold Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	BTZ Bardoc C87/1994 Combined Annual Report for the period 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018, M24/00133, M24/0

110 more reports

A116445	2018	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	C51/2003 Bardoc Extended Combined Annual Report For the Period 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017
A116450	2018	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	12%	C87/1994 Bardoc Combined Annual Report 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017, M24/00133, M24/00134, M24/00348, M2
A116885	2018	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	Annual Technical Report C99/2010 Bardoc Project for the period 1 February 2017 to 31 January 2018, P24/04447,
A117038	2018	Rockland Pty Ltd (Atf Lb Trust)	Windanya	<1%	Annual Report for the period 30 March 2017 to 29 March 2018, Windanya Project, Combined Reporting Group C164/2
A112114	2017	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	C51/2003 Bardoc Extended Combined Annual Report For the Period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2016, M24/96....P
A112115	2017	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	12%	C87/1994 BTZ Bardoc Combined Annual Report For the Period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2016, M24/00133, M24/0
A112692	2017	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	C99/2010 Bardoc Combined Annual Report For the Period 1 February 2016 to 31 January 2017, P 24/04373, P 24/043
A114053	2017	Rockland Pty Ltd (Atf Lb Trust)	Windanya	<1%	Annual Report for the period 30 March 2016 to 29 March 2017, Windanya Project, Combined Reporting Group C164/2
A108492	2016	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	12%	C87/1994 Bardoc Project Combined Annual Report for the period 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015, M 24/133, M
A108493	2016	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	C51/2003 Bardoc Extended Combined Annual Report M24/96, M24/405, M24/487, M24/512, P24/4060, P24/4152, P24/415
A108674	2016	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	C99/2010 Bardoc Combined Annual Report 2016, P24/4373, P24/4374, P24/4375, P24/4445, P24/4446, P24/4447, P24/4
A104878	2015	Minara Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	12%	Combined Annual Report For The Period 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 BTZ Bardoc Project (C87/1994) M24/133
A104879	2015	Excelsior Gold Limited; Minara Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Combined Annual Report for the Bardoc Extended Project - C51/2003 for the period 1 January 2014 to 31 December
A105558	2015	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	C99/2010 Bardoc Combined Annual Report P24/4373, P24/4374, P24/4375, P24/4445, P24/4446, P24/4447, P24/4449 fo
A100544	2014	Minara Resources Pty Ltd	Trump	19%	Annual Report - P24/4094 – Trump Prospect for the period 9 November 2012 to 8 November 2013
A101525	2014	Excelsior Gold Limited; Minara Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Combined Annual Report For The Period: 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013 Bardoc Extended Project C51/2003, M2
A101526	2014	Minara Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	Combined Annual Report For The Period: 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013, BTZ Bardoc Project C87/1994, Compri
A102097	2014	Gpm Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	C99/2010 Bardoc Combined Annual Report 2014 P24/4373, P24/4374, P24/4375, P24/4445, P24/4446, P24/4447, P24/44
A97532	2013	Excelsior Gold Limited; Minara Resources Pty Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended Project, Annual Report for the period 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2012, M24/96, 146, 395
A97615	2013	Fe Limited	Bardoc	<1%	Bardoc Project, Annual Report for the period 1st February 2012 to 31st January 2013, P24/4444-4449, 4373-4375
A97824	2013	Minara Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	Combined Annual Report for the BTZ Bardoc Project - C87/1994 for the period 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2012
A96215	2013	Minara Resources Pty Ltd	Trump	19%	Trump Project, Annual Report for the period 9th November 2011 to 8th November 2012, P24/4094.
A92312	2012	Minara Resources Ltd	Bardoc	19%	Annual Technical Report for the Period 9 November 2010 to 8 November 2011, P24/4094
A93285	2012	Minara Resources Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended Project, Annual Report for the period 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2011, M24/96, 146, 395
A93286	2012	Excelsior Gold Limited; Minara Resources Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	COMBINED ANNUAL REPORT For The Period: 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2011 BTZ Bardoc Project C87/1994 Comprisi
A93626	2012	Fe Limited	Bardoc	<1%	Bardoc C99/2010 Project 2011 Annual Report for the period 1 February 2011– 31 January 2012
A93631	2012	Excelsior Gold Limited; Minara Resources Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	COMBINED ANNUAL REPORT, For The Period: 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2011, BTZ Bardoc Project, C87/1994 Comp
A88825	2011	Minara Resources Ltd	P24/4094	19%	Annual Technical Report for P24/4094, Report Period: 9 November 2009 to 8 November 2010
A89852	2011	Minara Resources Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	Combined Annual Technical Reportfor C87/1994, 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010 (BTZ Bardoc)
A89871	2011	Minara Resources Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	Combined Annual Technical Report for C147/1996, 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010
A86676	2010	Minara Resources Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	BTZ Bardoc Project C87/1994, Combined Annual Technical Report, Period: 01 January 2009 - 31 December 2009
A86677	2010	Minara Resources Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Combined Annual Technical Report, Bardoc Extended C51/2003, 01 January 2009 to 31 December 2009, M24/96 M24/14
A90308	2010	Fe Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	Bardoc Project, Annual Report for the period 1st February 2010 to 31st January 2011, P24/4444-4446, 4448-4449,
A86852	2010	Nickelore Ltd	Pat’s Patch	<1%	M24/468, Annual Report for the Period 15 March 2009 to 14 March 2010
A81258	2009	Minara Resources Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	BTZ Bardoc Combined Annual Technical Report C87/1994, 2008, TR1424, 01 January 2008 - 31 December 2008
A82356	2009	Nickelore Ltd	Bardoc- Broad Arrow	<1%	Bardoc- Broad Arrow Project, Annual Report for the period 15 March 2008 to 14 March 2009, M24/468.
A77602	2008	Nickelore Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	BARDOC EXTENDED PROJECT 2007 ANNUAL REPORT Reporting Period: 01 January 2007 to 31 December 2007 Joint Reporti
A77783	2008	Nickelore Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	BTZ BARDOC 2007 ANNUAL REPORT Reporting Period: 01 January 2007 to 31 December 2007 Joint Reporting Status: C8
A78807	2008	Nickelore Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	M24/468 2008 ANNUAL REPORT Reporting Period: 15 March 2007 to 14 March 2008
A81259	2008	Minara Resources Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended Combined Annual Technical Report C51/2003, 2008, TR1423, 01 January 2008 - 31 December 2008
A74859	2007	Halcyon Group Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	13%	BTZ Bardoc Project (C87/1994), 2006 Annual Report Reporting Period: 01 January 2006 to 31 December 2006
A74860	2007	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended Project (C51/2003), 2006 Annual Report Reporting Period: 01 January 2006 to 31 December 2006
A75432	2007	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	M24/468 2007 Annual Report 15 March 2006 to 14 March 2007 (Crowley Project)
A72303	2006	Halcyon Group Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	14%	BTZ Bardoc 2005 Annual Report, Period 01 January 2005 to 31 December 2005, Combined Reporting No. C87/1994, M2
A72761	2006	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	M24/468, 2006 Annual Report, 15 March 2005 to 14 March 2006, (Kalgoorlie).
A72301	2006	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Bardoc Extended 2005 Annual Report, Period 01 January 2005 to 31 December 2005, C51/2003, (Kalgoorlie).
A73659	2006	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	M24/889, 2006 Annual Report, Period 5 August 2005 to 4 August 2006, (Bardoc South Project, Kalgoorlie).
A70397	2005	Halcyon Group Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	14%	Annual report for the period 01/01/04 - 31/12/04 Bardoc Project, C87/1994, M24/133, M24/134, M24/348, M24/471
A70399	2005	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Annual report for the period 01/01/04 - 31/12/04 Bardoc Extended Project, C51/2003, M24/96, 146, 395, 405, M24
A68418	2004	Placer Dome Asia Pacific Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	1.1%	Surrender report for the period 19/09/1994-28/11/2003 BTZ Bardoc Project M24/440-442, M24/467, M24/521
A68501	2004	Halcyon Group Ltd	Bardoc Extended	<1%	Annual report for the period 01/01/2003-31/12/2003 Bardoc Extended Project (C51/2003), M24/96, M24/146, M24/39
A68417	2004	Placer Dome Asia Pacific Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	14%	Annual Report for the period 01/01/2003-31/12/2003 BTZ Bardoc Project (C87/1994), P24/2495, M24/133-34, M24/34
A67138	2003	Placer Dome Asia Pacific Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	<1%	BTZ Bardoc Project, Surrender Report for the period 15/02/1995-07/05/2003 M24/460, and 15/03/1995-13/05/2003 M
A66165	2003	Placer Dome Asia Pacific Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	11%	Annual Report 01/01/2002-31/12/2002 BTZ Bardoc Project C87/1994: P24/2495, 3295, 3527-28, 3644, M24/146, 133-3
A64426	2002	Paddington Gold Pty Ltd	BTZ Bardoc	7%	Annual Technical Report 2001 BTZ Bardoc Project Reporting Period 01/01/2001 to 30/12/2001. Tenements P24/2495,
A62349	2001	Kundana Gold Pty Ltd	Bardoc	7%	Annual Report Bardoc Project Reporting Period 01/01/00 to 31/12/00 Tenements M24/96,M24/133-134, M24/146, M24/
A60255	2000	Goldfields Exploration Pty Ltd	Bardoc	7%	Annual Report Bardoc Project Reporting Period 01/01/1999 to 31/12/1999 Tenements M24/96,M24/133-134,M24/146,M2
A57778	1999	Goldfields Exploration Pty Ltd	Bardoc	7%	Bardoc Project 01/01/98 - 31/12/98
A54004	1998	Goldfields Exploration Pty Ltd	Bardoc	7.1%	Bardoc Project - Annual Report 01/01/1997 - 31/12/1997 M24/133-134, 96, 146, 202, 348, 405, 420, 440-442, 460,
A50306	1997	Goldfields Exploration Pty Ltd	Bardoc	6.5%	Annual report Bardoc period covered 01/01/1996 to 31/12/1996 Tenements M24/133 M24/134 M24/96 M24/146 M24/202
A47211	1996	Goldfields Exploration Pty Ltd	Bardoc	7.5%	Annual report Bardoc Project period covered 01/01/95 to 31/12/95 Tenement M24/133 to M24/134 M24/348 M24/405 M
A44211	1995	Pancontinental Mining Ltd	Bardoc North	7.6%	Bardoc Annual Report 1 January 1994- 31 December 1994 (February 1995)
A41155	1994	Pancontinental Mining Ltd	Bardoc Option	7.7%	Annual Report 01/01/93 - 31/12/93 Bardoc Option (Project) (M8049) (M24/133, M24/134, M24/348, M24/405, P24/23
A38415	1993	Ashton Gold Wa Ltd	Bardoc South	<1%	Annual Report for the period 01/01/92-31/12/92 Bardoc South Project M24/348 P24/2391-2392,2495-2498 & 2721
A35631	1992	Ashton Gold Wa Ltd	Broad Arrow	<1%	Annual Technical Report 01/01/91-31/12/91 Broad Arrow Project Mining Lease 24/133,134; Prospecting Lic enses 2
A35632	1992	Ashton Gold Wa Ltd	Bardoc South	<1%	Annual report for the period 1 January 1991 to 31 December 1991, Bardoc South Project , M24/348, P24/2391, P24
A33594	1991	Ashton Gold Wa Ltd	Beeck	78%	Annual Technical Report H376 Beeck Project. 11/10/90-31/12/90. P24/2450,2491-2494.
A33431	1990	Ashton Mining Ltd	Bardoc South	<1%	Annual report for the period 11 January 1990 to 31 December 1990, Bardoc South Project, M24/348, P24/2391, P2
A29579	1989	Mr Burton Ig	Grace Darling	<1%	M24/149; P24/1659 (Grace Darling Project) Annual Report 1989 IG Burton : Ramsgate Resources Ltd
A21459	1989	Aberfoyle Resources Ltd	North Beeck	99%	North Beeck Project, M24/160 & M24/269 Report on Gold Exploration to 31/12/89.
A23493	1988	Ramsgate Resources Ltd	Grace Darling	<1%	Annual Report for period 01/04/87-31/03/88. P24/1568,1589-1591,1659,1767-1771 M24/149. (Ramsgate project).
A26838	1988	Aberfoyle Resources Ltd	Beeck - North Beeck	98%	Beeck and North Beeck Project[s] Report on RC and Diamond Drilling (R Report for 1988; M24/160; P24/982,1804-1
A27216	1988	Ramsgate Resources Ltd	Grace Darling	<1%	Final report for Prospecting Licence 24/1659 Mining Lease 24/149 (1988)
A22339	1987	Associated Resources Management	Broad Arrow	<1%	Report on the results of infill Drilling at Eldorado Prospect, Broad Arrow, including and updated Ore Reserve
A16571	1985	Eastern Petroleum Australia Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Report on Rotary Drilling- Beeck Joint Venture, Broad Arrow Mineral Field Western Australia
A15045	1984	Thames Mining Nl	Beeck	<1%	Beeck Project, Non-statutory Report: Brief Exploration Report for the year ending 31/12/1984, ML24/21, ML24/27
A14132	1984	Samantha Exploration Nl	Crossley's	<1%	Crossley's Project, Non-statutory Report: Open-Hole Percussion Drilling Programme, February 1984,(Bardoc Join
A13033	1983	Tern Associates Pty Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Preliminary geological Evaluation of the Beeck Prospect Broad Arrow Goldfield, Western Australia
A13034	1983	Tern Associates Pty Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Progress Report (Part of EPA Quarterley Report)
A13036	1983	Tern Associates Pty Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Progress Report
A13037	1983	Tern Associates Pty Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Progress Report for August-September, 1983
A13038	1983	Tern Associates Pty Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Progress Report October 1983
A15545	1983	Pancontinental Mining Ltd	Paddington	<1%	Preliminary Investigation of Paddington Deep Leads July to August 1983 (MC24/1726 to MC24/1729 MC24/1731 to MC
A12781	1982	Tern Associates Pty Ltd	Broad Arrow	<1%	Reconnaissance Geology and Auger Drilling Program
A8154	1978	Pennzoil Of Australia Ltd	Bardoc	36%	Bardoc Project, Final Surrender Report, December 1978, MC24/1692 -1704 & 1707-1709.
A6607	1976	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda- Kunanalling- Broad Arrow	<1%	Ora Banda- Kunanalling- Broad Arrow Project, Annual Report for the period 01/05/1973 to 29/06/1976, TR70/5012
A6498	1974	Anaconda Aust Inc	Beeck	<1%	Beeck Project, Non-statutory Report: Assay Data Sheets, March 1976, ML24/21 &27.
A5299	1974	Australian Anglo American Ltd	Bardoc	<1%	Bardoc nickel prospect, Results of exploration during 1973/74 [final surrender report], MC24/51 ... 24/87
A3963	1973	Amax Exploration Aust Inc	Bardoc	<1%	Bardoc Project, Non-statutory Report: Data Review, June 1973, MC24/51-57, 66-87, 95-96, 99, 253, 629-631.
A3336	1972	Consolidated Gold Fields Aust Ltd	Leeks	<1%	Leeks Project, Final Surrender Report, December 1972, MC26/920, 943-946, 1057; MC24/459, 462, 478, 479, 497-49
A10568	1972	Consolidated Gold Fields Aust Ltd	Leek's	<1%	Leek's Project, Non-statutory Report: Rotary Airblast Drill Logs 445-569, August 1972, MC26/920......MC26/1057
A10564	1972	Consolidated Gold Fields Aust Ltd	Leek's	<1%	Leek's Project, Non-statutory Report: Report on 1) Diamond Drill Log Hole 1;2) Auger & Schram Drill hole Logs;
A10565	1972	Consolidated Gold Fields Aust Ltd	Leek's	<1%	Leek's Project, Non-statutory Report: Report containing Rotary Airblast Drill Logs, Holes 1-163, May 1972, MC2
A10566	1972	Consolidated Gold Fields Aust Ltd	Leek's	<1%	Leek's Project, Non-statutory Report: Report containing Rotary Air Blast Drill Logs, Holes 164-320, May 1972,
A10567	1972	Consolidated Gold Fields Aust Ltd	Leek's	<1%	Leek's Project, Non-statutory Report: Report containing Rotary Airblast Drill Logs 321- 444, May 1972, MC26/92
A2083	1971	International Nickel Aust Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Beeck Project, Annual Report for the period ending 20th April, 1971, ML24/21 & 27.
A107	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda - Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda - Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report: Annual Tenements & Temporary Reserve Report ,Data File
A106	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda - Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda - Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report: Kalgoorlie Regional & Geological Plans (8), circa July
A105	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda- Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda- Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report: Annual Tenements & Temporary Reserve Reports Data File,
A3962	1970	Amax Exploration Aust Inc	Bardoc	<1%	Bardoc Project, Non-statutory Report: Interim Exploration Report, September 1970, MC24/51-57, 66-87, 95-96, 99
A112	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda - Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda - Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report:Annual Report, Folder 11, Sample Data Sheets for Kunanal
A52	1970	International Nickel Aust Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Beeck Project, Annual Report for the period ending 31st December 1969, ML24/21 & 27.
A108	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda/Kunanalling	1%	Annual Tenements and Temporary Reserve Report Data File, Ora Banda - Kunanalling Area.
A109	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda - Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda - Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report: Annual Tenements & Temporary Reserve Report,Folder 8,In
A110	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda -Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda -Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report:Annual Tenement & Temporary Reserve Report, Folder 9, Vac
A111	1970	Western Mining Corporation Ltd	Ora Banda -Kunanalling	1%	Ora Banda -Kunanalling Project, Non-statutory Report:Annual Tenements & Temporary Reserve Report Folder 10,Sam
A5233	1969	Cra Exploration Pty Ltd	Beeck	<1%	Beeck Project, Non-statutory Report : Folio 3 - Drill Hole Cross Sections, September 1969, ML24/21 & 24.
A26038	1753	Electrum Nl	Broad Arrow	<1%	Broad Arrow Joint Venture Area 01/11/87 - 01/03/88 ML24/132-134
A38751	1753	Inco Australia Ltd	Eastern Goldfields regional mapping	<1%	Eastern Goldfields regional mapping
A124674		Rockland Pty Ltd (Atf Lb Trust)	Broad Arrow North	<1%	Annual Report for the period 7 July 2019 to 6 July 2020, Broad Arrow North Project, P24/4997.

Doing your homework on this ground? The register summary above tells you the tenement exists and who holds it. The checks below tell you whether it is clean: what is secured against it, whether it is meeting its minimum expenditure commitment, what conditions attach to it, and how long the current holder has actually had it.

Tenure detail Free account

Current holders & shares
Holder change history
Expenditure history
Conditions & endorsements
Native title context
Combined reporting
Rent status

Tenement intelligence Premium

Time to expiry: 15 years · 25 May 2041
At-risk & opportunity signals
Expenditure compliance
5-year track record
Spend trend & exploration intensity
Expiry band
Ownership age
Dealings, mortgages & caveats
Transfer history

What does the exploration record say about this ground?

NextMaps reads every WAMEX report over M 24/471 into a referenced prospectivity assessment: the geology, the historical programs, the drill intercepts and geochemistry, and the untested gaps — every claim cited back to its source report. New accounts include a free prospectivity report. Prefer the raw due diligence? The Tenure Pack bundles the full register record, tenure history and spatial datasets for this ground.

Open on the map — full register record About AI reports About Tenure Packs

Do you hold M 24/471? Listing is free. A facilitation fee applies only if you sell to a buyer we introduce.

List this tenement

WA Mining Weekly The week's tenement movements, deals and ground released, free to your inbox.

Tenure data sourced from the DMPE public registers and SLIP WA (© Government of Western Australia, CC BY 4.0), as at 2026-08-21. Compiled by NextMaps. Verify against primary sources before reliance.